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Section I Use of English
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are. 1 the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmer’s piece in the Science Times on Tuesday. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly 2 to live shorter lives. This suggests that 3 bulbs burn longer, that there is an 4 in not being too terrifically bright.
Intelligence, it 5 out, is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 6 the starting line because it depends on learning — a gradual 7 — instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they’ve apparently learned is when to 8 .
Is there an adaptive value to 9 intelligence? That’s the question behind this new research. I like it. Instead of casting a wistful glance 10 at all the species we’ve left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real 11 of our own intelligence might be. This is 12 the mind of every animal I’ve ever met.
Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would 13 on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, 14 , is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. we believe that 15 animals ran the labs, they would test us to 16 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really 17 , not merely how much of it there is. 18 , they would hope to study a 19 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? 20 the results are inconclusive.
1. [A] Suppose [B] Consider [C] Observe [D] Imagine
2. [A] tended [B] feared [C] happened [D] threatened
3. [A] thinner [B] stabler [C] lighter [D] dimmer
4. [A] tendency [B] advantage [C] inclination [D] priority
5. [A] insists on [B] sums up [C] turns out [D] puts forward
6. [A] off [B] behind [C] over [D] along
7. [A] incredible [B] spontaneous [C]inevitable [D] gradual
8. [A] fight [B] doubt [C] stop [D] think
9. [A] invisible [B] limited [C] indefinite [D] different
10. [A] upward [B] forward [C] afterward [D] backward
11. [A] features [B] influences [C] results [D] costs
12. [A] outside [B] on [C] by [D] across
13. [A] deliver [B] carry [C] perform [D] apply
14. [A] by chance [B] in contrast [C] as usual [D] for instance
15. [A] if [B] unless [C] as [D] lest
16. [A] moderate [B] overcome [C] determine [D] reach
17. [A] at [B] for [C] after [D] with
18. [A] Above all [B] After all [C] However [D] Otherwise
19. [A] fundamental [B] comprehensive [C] equivalent [D] hostile
20. [A] By accident [B] In time [C] So far [D] Better still
1. B.本题考查动词，后面的宾语是“the fruit-fly experiments described…”， suppose表示“假设”， observe表示“观察”，image表示“想象”， Consider“考虑”，代入文中表示“考虑已经被描述出来的实验”，符合语境。
2. A.本题考查动词短语，happen to(碰巧)，fear to(唯恐…)，be threatened to被恐吓…。tend to do表示“有…倾向，往往…”，代入文中表示比较聪明的果蝇往往寿命较短。
3. D.本题考查形容词， lighter更轻的，thinner更瘦的，stabler更稳定的，dimmer比较暗淡的，本句是前一句推出的结论，即由“果蝇越聪明寿命越短”推出 “灯泡越暗使用时间越长”。
4. B.本题考查名词。由前半句“灯泡越暗使用时间越长”推出“这是不特别亮的灯泡的一个优点”。tendency倾向，advantage优势，inclination倾向，priority优先权。
5. C.本题考查动词短语，turns out证明是，insist on坚持，sum up总结，put forward提出。
6. A.本题考查介词， off表示离开。代入文中表示离开起点时。
7. D.incredible难以置信的，spontaneous自发的，inevitable不可避免的，gradual渐进的。学习是一个渐进的过程，所以选gradual.
8. C.本文的主旨是智力需要昂贵的代价。大量的物种会学习，但它们首先学会的是知道什么时候停止学习，与上文的例子灯泡呼应。四个选项中， fight表示斗争，doubt表示怀疑，stop表示停止，think表示思考，正确答案为C
9. B.本题考查形容词，修饰intelligence。 invisible看不见的， indefinite不确定的，这两个选项意思不符合，排除。different不同的，limited有限的。因为所有物种的智力都是有限的，所以limited符合文意。
10.D.cast a glance backward“回顾”，固定搭配。
11.D.feature特征，influence影响，result结果，cost代价。Cost“代价”与文中“事实证明，智力是要付出代价”相呼应。
12.B.本题考查介词，on the mind of“为…着想”，by the mind“通过思考”，outside和across不与mind的搭配。
13.C.本题考查动词，与之搭配的宾语是experiments ，选项中perform能与experiments 搭配，表示“做实验”。deliver递送，carry运送， apply应用。
14.D.前一句提到experiments，本句提到一个具体的实验，所以选for instance例如。by chance偶然，in contrast相反，as usual照常。
15.A.由后半句中they would test us to可推测本句使用了虚拟语气，选项中if可以引导虚拟条件句。 unless除非，as正如，lest唯恐。
16.C.本题考查动词。所填动词表明实验的目的，并且所填动词的宾语是limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain ，选项中“determine确定”符合题意，并与下文的decide相呼应。moderate适中的，overcome克服， reach达到。
17.B.本题考查介词，四个选项中for 表示表示目的，这个句子的正常句序是intelligence in humans is really for what.
18.A.本题考查逻辑关系。这个句子位于段末，显然起到总结性的作用。四个选项中，Above all最重要，After all毕竟，However然而，Otherwise否则，故选Above all。
19.A.本题考查形容词，修饰question 。fundamental基本的，comprehensive的，equivalent相等的，hostile敌对的。由句后问题的内容可推出这是一个最基本和重要的问题，所以选fundamental。
20.C.本题考查副词。空前说“想研究这个问题”，空后说“结果还不确定”。四个选项中，By accident“偶然”，In time“及时”，So far“到目前为止”，Better still“更好的是”，只有So far符合语意。
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