俄罗斯和中国：着眼于未来的战略伙伴

Russia and China: A Future-Oriented Strategic Partnership

俄罗斯联邦总统 普京

Vladimir Putin, President of the Russian Federation

 

在我即将再次出访中国之际，很高兴能有机会直接与最大的新闻机构“新华社”的广大中外读者进行交流。

On the eve of my upcoming visit to China, I am pleased to communicate directly with the Chinese and foreign audience of Xinhua, the largest news agency.

我们两国是近邻，有着悠久的传统友谊和信任关系。俄中全面战略协作伙伴关系进入新时代，达到了前所未有的水平，成为高效、负责和面向未来的典范，我们对此高度赞赏。去年我们庆祝了《睦邻友好合作条约》签署20周年。该条约确定了我们两国共同努力的基本原则和指导方针，这首先是平等、考虑彼此的利益、摆脱政治和意识形态的束缚和不受过去的影响。正是基于这些原则，年复一年，我们本着坚持不懈的精神，不断深化政治对话。尽管新冠病毒疫情大流行给我们带来了困难，但我们仍积极努力挖掘经济伙伴关系的潜力并扩大人文交流。

Our countries are close neighbours bound by centuries-old traditions of friendship and trust. We highly appreciate that Russia-China comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination, entering a new era, has reached an unprecedented level and become a model of efficiency, responsibility, and aspiration for the future. Last year, we celebrated the 20th anniversary of the Treaty of Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation. The basic principles and guidelines for joint work were defined by our two countries in the treaty, which include first and foremost, equality, consideration of one another’s interests, freedom from political and ideological circumstances as well as from the vestiges of the past. These are the principles we consistently build on year after year in the spirit of continuity to deepen our political dialogue. Despite the difficulties caused by the coronavirus pandemic, we are striving to build the capacity of economic partnerships and expand people-to-people exchanges.

在即将进行的访问中，我和习近平主席将全面讨论双边、地区和全球议程中的关键问题。具有象征意义的是，我们的会晤将在农历新年“春节”期间举行。正如这句中国谚语所言：“一年之计在于春”。

During the upcoming visit, President Xi Jinping and I will thoroughly discuss key issues on the bilateral, regional, and global agendas. It is symbolic that our meeting will take place during the Spring Festival – the Chinese Lunar New Year. After all, as the Chinese saying goes, “The whole year’s work depends on a good start in spring.”

当然，我们计划重点讨论发展经贸合作的问题。在这方面，我们万事俱备，因为我们两国拥有丰富的财政、生产、技术和人力资源，这使我们能够顺利完成长期发展的任务，共同实现经济稳定增长、提升公民福祉、增强竞争力，共同抵御当代风险和挑战。

The development of business ties will certainly be given special attention. There is every opportunity for this as our countries have substantial financial, industrial, technological and human resources allowing us to successfully resolve long-term development issues. Working together, we can achieve stable economic growth and improve the well-being of our citizens, strengthen our competitiveness, and stand together against today’s risks and challenges.

2021年，双边贸易额增长逾三分之一，突破了1400亿美元大关，我们有信心朝着年贸易额2000亿美元的目标迈进。我们在投资、生产和工农业领域正在实施一些重要举措，尤其是政府间投资合作委员会的“投资组合”，其中包含65个项目，价值超过1200亿美元，涉及矿产开采和加工、基础设施建设及农业等领域的合作。

At the end of 2021, the volume of mutual trade increased by more than a third, exceeding the record level of 140 billion U.S. dollars. We are well on the way towards our goal of increasing the volume of trade to 200 billion U.S. dollars a year. A number of important initiatives are being implemented in the investment, manufacturing, industrial and agricultural sectors. In particular, the portfolio of the Intergovernmental Commission on Investment Cooperation includes 65 projects worth over 120 billion U.S. dollars. This is about collaboration in such fields as mining and mineral processing, infrastructure construction, and agriculture.

我们不断扩大本币结算，并建立机制，以消除单边制裁的负面影响。2019年签署的《俄罗斯政府和中国政府关于结算和支付的协议》成为了此项工作的重要里程碑。

We are consistently expanding settlements in national currencies and creating mechanisms to offset the negative impact of unilateral sanctions. A major milestone in this work was the signing of an agreement between the Government of Russia and the Government of China on payments and settlements in 2019.

我们两国之间正在形成一个互惠互利的能源联盟。除了长期向中国输送油气之外，我们还计划实施一系列大型联合项目。其中一个项目是在“俄罗斯国家原子能集团”的参与下，从去年开始在中国核电站新建四台发电机组。所有这些都极大地加强了中国和整个亚洲地区的能源安全。

A mutually beneficial energy partnership is being formed between our countries. Along with long-term oil and gas supplies to China, we have plans to implement a number of large-scale joint projects. The construction of four new power units at Chinese nuclear power plants with the participation of Rosatom State Corporation launched last year is one of them. All this significantly strengthens the energy security of China and the Asia region as a whole.

我们认为，两国在信息和通信业、医学、空间探索（包括国家导航系统的应用和“国际月球科研站”项目的实施）方面拥有广泛的发展伙伴关系的机会。2020－2021年两国互办“科技创新年”，为加强双边关系注入了巨大的推动力。

We see an array of opportunities in developing partnerships in information and communication technologies, medicine, space exploration, including the use of national navigation systems and the International Lunar Research Station project. A strong impetus to strengthening bilateral ties was given by the cross Years of Russian-Chinese Scientific and Technological Innovation in 2020-2021.

感谢我们的中国同行为在中国生产俄罗斯“卫星-V”和“卫星-Light”疫苗提供协助，并及时向我国运送必要的防护用品。我们希望这种合作能够继续巩固扩展。

We are grateful to our Chinese colleagues for their assistance in launching the production of Russian Sputnik V and Sputnik Light vaccines in China and for the timely supply of necessary protective equipment to our country. We hope that this cooperation will develop and strengthen.

加速西伯利亚和远东地区的社会经济发展是俄罗斯的战略任务之一。这些地区都是最靠近中国的区域。我们计划积极发展地方合作，吸引中国投资和技术，拓展全球运输和贸易路线。例如，已经开始对贝加尔-阿穆尔铁路和跨西伯利亚大铁路进行现代化升级改造。至2024年，通过增加过境货运量和缩短运输时间，其运力将提高一倍半。此外，俄罗斯远东地区的港口基础设施也得到了发展。所有这些都将进一步增强俄中经济的互补性。

One of Russia’s strategic objectives is to accelerate the social and economic development of Siberia and the Russian Far East. These territories are in the immediate neighborhood of China. We also intend to actively develop sub-national cooperation. Thus, the modernization of the Baikal-Amur Mainline and the Trans-Siberian Railway has been started. By 2024, their capacity will increase one and a half times through higher volumes of transit cargo and reduced transport time. The port infrastructure in the Russian Far East is also growing. All this should further enhance the complementarity of the Russian and Chinese economies.

当然，悉心保护自然和共同的生态系统，仍然是我们地方和边境地区合作中的重要领域。这些问题一直是我们两国民众关注的焦点，同广泛的人文问题一样，我们一定会在会谈期间进行详细讨论。

And, of course, the conservation of nature and shared ecosystems remains an important area of local and cross-border cooperation. These issues have always been a focus of our countries’ public attention, and we will certainly discuss them in detail during the meeting, as well as a wide range of people-to-people and cultural topics.

俄罗斯和中国都是有着数千年独特传统和璀璨文化的大国，无论是在我们两国，还是在其他国家，人们对俄中文化都有着巨大兴趣。尽管在过去的两年里，由于疫情大流行，旅游客流量、联合举行的大规模活动和两国民众的直接接触都有所下降，但我毫不怀疑，我们会奋力赶上。一旦情况允许，我们将启动新的认知和教育项目，让我们的民众了解两国的历史和当今的生活。我和中国国家主席习近平决定在2022年和2023年举办“俄中体育交流年”。

Russia and China are countries with thousands of years of unique traditions and celebrated cultural heritage. Interest in Russian and Chinese cultures is high in both and other countries. It is true that in the last two years the number of tourists, joint big-scale events and direct contacts between our citizens has reduced due to the pandemic. However, I have no doubt that we will catch up and, as soon as the situation allows, will launch new outreach and educational programs to introduce our citizens to the history and present-day life of the two countries. Thus, President Xi Jinping and I have agreed to hold the Years of Sports Exchanges in 2022 and 2023.

当然，讨论国际热点问题也将是本次访问的一个重要内容。对解决全球和地区问题拥有近似和一致的立场是俄罗斯和中国协调外交政策的基础。我们两国在当今复杂的国际局势中发挥着重要的稳定作用，不断推动国际关系体系的民主化进程，以使这一体系更加公平和包容。我们正在共同努力，加强联合国在国际事务中的核心协调作用，全力防止以《联合国宪章》为核心的国际法律体系受到侵蚀。

Certainly, an important part of the visit will be a discussion of relevant international topics. Foreign policy coordination between Russia and China is based on close and coinciding approaches to solving global and regional issues. Our countries play an important stabilizing role in today’s challenging international environment, promoting greater democracy in the system of international relations to make it more equitable and inclusive. We are working together to strengthen the central coordinating role of the United Nations in global affairs and to prevent the international legal system, with the UN Charter at its centre, from being eroded.

俄罗斯和中国在金砖国家、俄印中机制、上海合作组织和其他多边框架内就最广泛议程积极开展合作。在二十国集团中，我们主张无论是抗击疫情，还是落实气候议程，都应在制定建议时考虑国家的具体情况。2021年二十国集团罗马峰会上，各方最终就恢复经济增长、认可疫苗和疫苗证书、优化能源转型和降低数字化风险等方面的国际合作问题做出了深思熟虑的决定，这在很大程度上得益于我们两国团结一致的立场。

Russia and China are actively cooperating on the broadest agenda within BRICS, the Russia-India-China framework, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization as well as other multilateral frameworks. Within the G20, we are committed to taking national specifics into account when formulating our recommendations, be it the fight against pandemics or the implementation of the climate agenda. Thanks to a large extent to our countries’ shared solidarity, following the 2021 G20 Summit in Rome, informed decisions were made on international cooperation to restore economic growth, recognize vaccines and vaccine certificates, optimize energy transition, and reduce the risks of digitalization.

我们在国际贸易问题上也拥有相同的立场。我们主张维护以世界贸易组织规则为基础的开放、透明、非歧视的多边贸易体制，赞同重启全球供应链。早在2020年3月，俄罗斯就提出了关于建设没有任何制裁、政治和行政壁垒的贸易“绿色走廊”的倡议。该倡议的实施将有助于克服疫情大流行造成的经济影响。

We also have convergent positions on international trade issues. We advocate maintaining an open, transparent and non-discriminatory multilateral trading system based on the rules of the World Trade Organization. We support restoring global supply chains. Back in March 2020, Russia proposed an initiative on “green trade corridors” that excludes any sanctions, political and administrative barriers. Its implementation is a useful aid to overcoming the economic consequences of the pandemic.

即将在北京开幕的第二十四届冬季奥林匹克运动会是最重要的国际事件。俄罗斯和中国都是以体育传统著称的体育大国，都曾多次举办国际大型赛事。我2008年8月参加北京夏季奥运会开幕式，给我留下了温暖的回忆。精彩的表演令来自俄罗斯的嘉宾和运动员久久难忘，中国朋友以其特有的热情好客举办了这场独具规模的赛事。同样的，我们也很高兴在2014年索契冬奥会开幕式上接待了中国国家主席习近平。

The XXIV Olympic Winter Games in Beijing will be a major event of global significance. Russia and China are leading sporting nations renowned for their sporting traditions and have hosted large international sports games more than once. I fondly remember my visit to Beijing in August 2008 to attend the opening ceremony of the 2008 Summer Olympics. Guests and athletes from Russia will remember the vivid performance for a long time, and the Games themselves were organized with the exceptional hospitality inherent to our Chinese friends. For our part, we were delighted to host President Xi Jinping at the opening of the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.

遗憾的是，近来，一些国家为了一己私利将体育问题政治化的企图越来越明显。这从根本上就是错误的，违背了《奥林匹克宪章》的精神和原则。体育的力量和伟大之处在于，它使人们团结在一起，以为国争光、赢得胜利而自豪，并以公正、公平、百折不挠的竞技为荣。大多数国家（国际奥林匹克运动的参与者）都赞同这样的观点。

Sadly, attempts by a number of countries to politicize sports for their selfish interests have recently intensified. This is fundamentally wrong and contrary to the very spirit and principles of the Olympic Charter. The power and greatness of sports are that they bring people together, give moments of triumph and national pride as well as delight with fair, just and unwavering competition. And these approaches are shared by most of the countries participating in the international Olympic Movement.

中国朋友为高质量地筹办冬奥会和冬残奥会做了大量工作。我相信，中国在堪称完美地组织具有代表性的国际赛事方面积累的丰富经验，将使其以最高水平举办这一世界体育盛会。预祝俄罗斯队和中国队再创佳绩和新纪录！

Our Chinese friends have done tremendous work to prepare well for the Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games. I am convinced that China’s extensive experience in the excellent organization of representative international competitions will make it possible to hold this global festival of sports of the highest level. I would like to wish the Russian and Chinese teams impressive results and new records!

值此虎年“春节”到来之际，我向友好的中国人民致以最热烈的祝贺。祝你们身体健康、万事如意！

I send my warmest congratulations to the friendly people of China on the occasion of the Spring Festival, which marks the beginning of the Year of the Tiger. I wish you good health, prosperity, and success.