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华慧考博英语段落分析与拓展
Now that our relationship to the earth has changed so utterly, we have to see that change and understand its implications. Our challenge is to recognize that the startling images of environmental destruction now occurring all over the world have much more in common than their ability to shock and awaken us. They are symptoms of an underlying problem broader in scope and more serious than any we have ever faced. Global warming, ozone depletion, the loss of living species, deforestation -- they all have a common cause: the new relationship between human civilization and the earth's natural balance. There are actually two aspects to this challenge. The first is to realize that our power to harm the earth can in-deed have global and even permanent effects. The second is to realize that the only way to understand our new role as a co-architect of nature is to see ourselves as part of a complex system that does not operate according to the same simple rules of cause and effect we are used to. The problem is not our effect on the environment so much as our relationship with the environment. As a result, any solution to the problem will require a careful assessment of that relationship as well as the complex interrelationship among factors within civilization and between them and the major natural components of the earth's ecological system. （节选自Ships in the Desert by Al Gore）1. … -- they all have a common cause: ... There are actually two aspects to this challenge. The first is to realize that …The second is to realize that… As a result, any solution to the problem will require …
【参考译文】……，他们都有一个共同的原因：……这个挑战实际上有两个方面。首先要意识到……，其次要意识到……因此，任何解决这个问题的方法都需要……
写作思考：上述四个句子可以适用于问题分析型和问题解决型的作文中。首先，提出问题，然后分析问题或原因，最后提出建议。根据具体内容，可替换其中的部分表达。
下面以话题“隐私泄露”为例仿写：
Telecom fraud, junk messages, harassing phone calls, and fake cards -- they all have a common cause: privacy disclosure. There are actually three aspects to this problem. The first is to note that citizens’ awareness of personal privacy protection is still relatively weak. The second is to realize that some technicians and employees who have access to private information sell other people's privacy for personal gain. The third is to emphasize that we lack effective legal systems and constraints for protecting personal privacy. As a result, the solution to the problem will require joint efforts from citizens, society, related industries, and national policies.
2. The problem is not our effect on the environment so much as our relationship with the environment. 问题不在于我们对环境的影响，而在于我们与环境的关系。
短语提炼：not…so much A as B…“与其说……不如说……”
effect on… 对……的作用/影响
【例】One’s greatness lies not so much in his wealth as in his character.
一个人的伟大尤其说是他的财富来判断，还不如说是由他的品德来判断。
【例】he crisis had a negative effect on trade.
这次危机对贸易产生了很坏的影响。
3. Our challenge is to recognize that the startling images of environmental destruction now occurring all over the world have much more in common than their ability to shock and awaken us.
【结构分析】
Our challenge is to recognize【that the startling images of environmental destruction now
that引导宾语从句
occurring all over the world have much more in common than their ability to shock and awaken us.】
【深入剖析】主干是：our challenge is to recognize；that引导宾语从句，充当recognize的宾语；occurring是现在分词作后置定语，修饰environmental destruction；than引导比较结构；to shock and awaken us是不定式作后置定语，修饰ability。
【参考译文】我们面临的挑战是要认识到，目前在世界各地发生的环境破坏的令人震惊的画面，除了能够震惊和唤醒我们之外，它们还有更多的共同之处。
【重点词汇】
startling adj. 令人吃惊的，不寻常的
destruction n. 破坏，摧毁
have much more in common 有更多的共同点
4. As a result, any solution to the problem will require a careful assessment of that relationship as well as the complex interrelationship among factors within civilization and between them and the major natural components of the earth's ecological system.
【结构分析】
【深入剖析】 此句是一个简单句，主干为： any solution will require a careful assessment；本句的介词短语丰富：to the problem是介宾短语， 作定语修饰solution；of+…是介宾短语作定语，修饰assessment；as well as 和 第二个and 连接三个并列的名词性结构：that relationship、the complex interrelationship和the major natural components，也是of引导的介宾短语的主要内容； that relationship指的是人类与环境的关系；among factors作介宾短语，修饰interrelationship；within civilization and between them 是介词短语，修饰factors；of the earth’s ecological system修饰components。
【参考译文】因此，要解决问题就要认真评估人类与环境的关系，文明之间和内部各种因素的复杂关系以及地球生态系统的主要自然成分。
【重点词汇】
assessment n. 评估、评价
interrelationship n. 相互关系
civilization n. 文明、文化
component n. 成分、组件
ecological system 生态系统
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