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华慧考博英语复习：一篇阅读理解答案的思考：定位的重要性
各位考生：
华慧考博英语学习百宝箱是华慧考博辅导老师团队根据日常授课时所得的心得体，以及根据不学员的学习进度，整理总结出来的一套适合广大考生的考博英语复习小技巧。考生们可以复习之余，多看看华慧考博网：www.hhkaobo.com 的学习百宝箱栏目中更新的复习技巧或者复习总结，对大家的考博英语复习会有很大的帮助！祝各位考生考博顺利！
最近辅导过程中，有不少学员提到了考题中的一篇文章有道题的答案有不同的版本，通过讲解如何确定这道题的答案，体会到阅读理解解题过程中，定位准确的重要性。同时语法逻辑理解意思的重要性也不容忽视。
原文
I am standing on the seventh-floor balcony of an apartment building overlooking the heart of Moscow. It is a dark city, some might say grim. It looks and feels as if it has been worn down to its bare bones: broken sidewalks, cracked facades, weeds rooted in the very mortar. This city is not easy to look at. So I avert my eyes, and they settle on a little boy sleeping inside the apartment. His name is Alexei. He is 7. With every rise and fall of his chest, Moscow, the used, broken city, is renewed for me a thousand times. A dark place has given me light in the form of my adoptive son.
Alexei has been my son for only two days, but I have been waiting three years for him. That's when I began the adoption process, three years ago, before I even knew of Alexei's existence. Never in my imaginings did I think that I would one day be so far from home, counting my son's breaths, counting the hours until we would board a plane for America, a place that he had no conception of. "Alexei," I had said through a translator as I knelt before him at the orphanage and helped him with his socks. "What do you know about America?" His reply was immediate: "I will have all the gum I want."
Most people adopt infants or very little children so that as much of their history as possible will be given to them by their parents. But Alexei carries an radiance of native culture: his memories of orphanage life in the once-closed city of Tula; the large, gracious, doting Russian women who have cared for him all his life; the aromatic Russian food he loves; and the language, that impossible, expressive, explosive Russian language that sometimes separates me from him like a wall, but also summons us to heroic lengths as we attempt to communicate.
I have been in Russia for two weeks. But it wasn't until the fourth day that I was brought to see Alexei. My Russian contact drove me through 100 miles of a country struggling to get back on its feet after years of internal neglect, pitted roadways, crumbling bridges, warped roofs. It made me recall what someone had once said about Russia, that she is a third-world country with a first-world army. We finally came to an orphanage. Once inside, I stood in a near-empty room, reminding myself that this was the culmination of three years of scrutiny, disappointment, and dead-ends.
There were moments when I had told myself, “It’s so much easier to have a kid the natural way. Nobody asks any questions." But as a single man, a biological child was not a ready option. I now recognized these as idle thoughts, for I realized that Alexei, even sight unseen, would be as much mine as if he were my natural son.
The door opened. A woman came out, her hand on the shoulder of a little boy just awakened from sound sleep.
gave Alexei a Pez candy dispenser, something as alien to him as life in America. After a few moments of scrutiny, he filled with candy, a sure sign of intelligence, for Pez dispensers are notoriously difficult to load.
At the end of our first meeting I knelt before Alexei and told him I would be back to get him in a week.
题目
1. The author watched every rise and fall of Alexei's chest ______.
A. counting his son's breaths and biding his time to board the plane
B. turning his eyes away from the gloomy and dilapidated city
C. feeling a nameless pang of regret about the adoption process
D. visualizing the potential of the city to regain its vigor and power
分析：
题干问的是The author watched every rise and fall of Alexei's chest “作者注视着阿列克谢胸膛的每一次起伏”的时候发生了什么（非谓语做伴随状语）。根据题干定位第一段With every rise and fall of his chest, Moscow, the used, broken city, is renewed for me a thousand times.
A dark place has given me light in the form of my adoptive son.
“随着他胸脯的每一次起伏，莫斯科，这个破旧不堪的城市，在我的心目中就更新了一千次。一个黑暗的地方以我养子的形式给了我光明。”这是作者看着儿子呼吸的时候的所思所想，所以答案选D“想象着该城市恢复活力和力量的潜力”。而选项 A. counting his son's breaths and biding his time to board the plane“数着儿子的呼吸，数着我们登机之前的时间” 在文章第二段第三句有提到：Never in my imaginings did I think that I would one day be so far from home, counting my son's breaths, counting the hours until we would board a plane for America, a place that he had no conception of.“在我的想象中，我从来没有想过有一天我会离家这么远，数着儿子的呼吸，数着我们登上飞往美国（一个他一无所知地方）的飞机之前的时间。” 这是之后回想所讲的内容；而 B. turning his eyes away from the gloomy and dilapidated city“他把目光从这座阴暗破旧的城市移开”是看着儿子呼吸之前的内容，都不是这个题目的合适的答案；而C feeling a nameless pang of regret about the adoption process“对收养过程感到难以名状的后悔“文章未提及。
总结：解题的过程，首先要清楚的理解题意，填入的非谓语动词做伴随状语，由此正确定位；然后对比其他选项的时候，不能只看到文章中是否有相关内容，还要同时满足是否能回答题干的问题。
华慧考博英语学习百宝箱是华慧考博辅导老师团队根据日常授课时所得的心得体，以及根据不学员的学习进度，整理总结出来的一套适合广大考生的考博英语复习小技巧。考生们可以复习之余，多看看华慧考博网：www.hhkaobo.com 的学习百宝箱栏目中更新的复习技巧或者复习总结，对大家的考博英语复习会有很大的帮助！祝各位考生考博顺利！
最近辅导过程中，有不少学员提到了考题中的一篇文章有道题的答案有不同的版本，通过讲解如何确定这道题的答案，体会到阅读理解解题过程中，定位准确的重要性。同时语法逻辑理解意思的重要性也不容忽视。
原文
I am standing on the seventh-floor balcony of an apartment building overlooking the heart of Moscow. It is a dark city, some might say grim. It looks and feels as if it has been worn down to its bare bones: broken sidewalks, cracked facades, weeds rooted in the very mortar. This city is not easy to look at. So I avert my eyes, and they settle on a little boy sleeping inside the apartment. His name is Alexei. He is 7. With every rise and fall of his chest, Moscow, the used, broken city, is renewed for me a thousand times. A dark place has given me light in the form of my adoptive son.
Alexei has been my son for only two days, but I have been waiting three years for him. That's when I began the adoption process, three years ago, before I even knew of Alexei's existence. Never in my imaginings did I think that I would one day be so far from home, counting my son's breaths, counting the hours until we would board a plane for America, a place that he had no conception of. "Alexei," I had said through a translator as I knelt before him at the orphanage and helped him with his socks. "What do you know about America?" His reply was immediate: "I will have all the gum I want."
Most people adopt infants or very little children so that as much of their history as possible will be given to them by their parents. But Alexei carries an radiance of native culture: his memories of orphanage life in the once-closed city of Tula; the large, gracious, doting Russian women who have cared for him all his life; the aromatic Russian food he loves; and the language, that impossible, expressive, explosive Russian language that sometimes separates me from him like a wall, but also summons us to heroic lengths as we attempt to communicate.
I have been in Russia for two weeks. But it wasn't until the fourth day that I was brought to see Alexei. My Russian contact drove me through 100 miles of a country struggling to get back on its feet after years of internal neglect, pitted roadways, crumbling bridges, warped roofs. It made me recall what someone had once said about Russia, that she is a third-world country with a first-world army. We finally came to an orphanage. Once inside, I stood in a near-empty room, reminding myself that this was the culmination of three years of scrutiny, disappointment, and dead-ends.
There were moments when I had told myself, “It’s so much easier to have a kid the natural way. Nobody asks any questions." But as a single man, a biological child was not a ready option. I now recognized these as idle thoughts, for I realized that Alexei, even sight unseen, would be as much mine as if he were my natural son.
The door opened. A woman came out, her hand on the shoulder of a little boy just awakened from sound sleep.
gave Alexei a Pez candy dispenser, something as alien to him as life in America. After a few moments of scrutiny, he filled with candy, a sure sign of intelligence, for Pez dispensers are notoriously difficult to load.
At the end of our first meeting I knelt before Alexei and told him I would be back to get him in a week.
题目
1. The author watched every rise and fall of Alexei's chest ______.
A. counting his son's breaths and biding his time to board the plane
B. turning his eyes away from the gloomy and dilapidated city
C. feeling a nameless pang of regret about the adoption process
D. visualizing the potential of the city to regain its vigor and power
分析：
题干问的是The author watched every rise and fall of Alexei's chest “作者注视着阿列克谢胸膛的每一次起伏”的时候发生了什么（非谓语做伴随状语）。根据题干定位第一段With every rise and fall of his chest, Moscow, the used, broken city, is renewed for me a thousand times.
A dark place has given me light in the form of my adoptive son.
“随着他胸脯的每一次起伏，莫斯科，这个破旧不堪的城市，在我的心目中就更新了一千次。一个黑暗的地方以我养子的形式给了我光明。”这是作者看着儿子呼吸的时候的所思所想，所以答案选D“想象着该城市恢复活力和力量的潜力”。而选项 A. counting his son's breaths and biding his time to board the plane“数着儿子的呼吸，数着我们登机之前的时间” 在文章第二段第三句有提到：Never in my imaginings did I think that I would one day be so far from home, counting my son's breaths, counting the hours until we would board a plane for America, a place that he had no conception of.“在我的想象中，我从来没有想过有一天我会离家这么远，数着儿子的呼吸，数着我们登上飞往美国（一个他一无所知地方）的飞机之前的时间。” 这是之后回想所讲的内容；而 B. turning his eyes away from the gloomy and dilapidated city“他把目光从这座阴暗破旧的城市移开”是看着儿子呼吸之前的内容，都不是这个题目的合适的答案；而C feeling a nameless pang of regret about the adoption process“对收养过程感到难以名状的后悔“文章未提及。
总结：解题的过程，首先要清楚的理解题意，填入的非谓语动词做伴随状语，由此正确定位；然后对比其他选项的时候，不能只看到文章中是否有相关内容，还要同时满足是否能回答题干的问题。
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