学员疑问:老师,It is recognition of compassion's part that leads the up-holders of capital punishment to accuse the abolitionists of sentimentality in being more sorry for the murderer than for his victim. 这句话的that是引导定语从句吗?
老师解答:此句中的that不是引导定语从句,这里的It is +(强调的内容)+that是强调句型;把It is和that去掉,将中间强调的内容还原位置,句子仍然成立。此句中国强调的正是句子的主语,因此It is和that后,语序也不用调整,句子结构和意思仍然完整:recognition of compassion's part leads the up-holders of capital punishment to accuse the abolitionists of sentimentality in being more sorry for the murderer than for his victim.
点评分析:that的作用非常多,可以引导很多从句,包括定语从句、主语从句、表语从句、甚至状语从句,也出现在强调句型中。要明确that的正确用法,应该从句子的结构和含义两个方面着手,首先确定句子主干和修饰成分,然后将句意梳理一遍,以上句子之所以判断错误,估计很大一部分原因是没有落实代词It的含义和用法,这里的It没有具体指代的含义,只是强调句型的固定的一部分。